From 1942 to 1952, the Aviation Merit Badge was split into the several Merit Badges: Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, Airplane Design, and Airplane Structure.
Aeronautics
1942-52
From 1942 to 1952, the Aviation Merit Badge was split into the several Merit Badges: Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, Airplane Design, and Airplane Structure.
Agribusiness
1987-95
Food Systems
1978-87
In 1975 Agriculture, and other merit badges were combined into Animal Science.
Agriculture is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys"
Agriculture
1911-75
Agriculture
1911-75
Agriculture
1911-75
Agriculture
1911-75
Airplane Design
1942-52
From 1942 to 1952, the Aviation Merit Badge was split into the several Merit Badges: Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, Airplane Design, and Airplane Structure.
Airplane Structure
1942-52
Airplane Structure
1942-52
From 1942 to 1952, the Aviation Merit Badge was split into the several Merit Badges: Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, Airplane Design, and Airplane Structure.
Business is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Clerk
1910
Clerk is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
In 1975 the merit badges: Animal Industry, Beef Production, Dairying, Hog Production, Poultry Keeping, and Sheep Farming were combined with parts of Agriculture into Animal Science.
In 1975 the merit badges: Animal Industry, Beef Production, Dairying, Hog Production, Poultry Keeping, and Sheep Farming were combined with parts of Agriculture into Animal Science.
Animal Industry
1928-75
Animal Industry
1928-75
Animal Industry
1928-75
Animal Industry
1928-75
Archaeology
1997-present
Archery
1911-present
Archery
1911-present
Archery
1911-present
Archery
1911-present
Archery is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Architecture
1911-present
Architecture
1911-present
Architecture
1911-present
Architecture
1911-present
Architecture is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Art
1911-present
Art
1911-present
Art
1911-present
Art
1911-present
Art
1911-present
Art is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Astronomy
1911-present
Astronomy
1911-present
Astronomy
1911-present
Astronomy is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Art is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Athletics
1911-present
Athletics
1911-present
Athletics
1911-present
Athletics
1911-present
Athletics is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Automobiling is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
From 1942 to 1952, the Aviation Merit Badge was split into the several Merit Badges: Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, Airplane Design, and Airplane Structure.
Aviation is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Beefarming is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys"
Beefarming
1911-14
The first Scout Bee only had 4 legs and stayed that way until 1939, when it was corrected.
Beekeeping
1956-95
Bee Keeping
1915-55
Bee Keeping
1915-55
Bee Keeping
1915-55
In 1975 the merit badges: Animal Industry, Beef Production, Dairying, Hog Production, Poultry Keeping, and Sheep Farming were combined with parts of Agriculture into Animal Science.
Beef Production
1928-75
Beef Production
1928-75
Beef Production
1928-75
Bird Study
1914-present
Bird Study
1914-present
Bird Study
1914-present
Ornithology
1911-13
Ornithology is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Blacksmithing
1911-52
Blacksmithing
1911-52
Blacksmithing is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Bookbinding
1927-87
Bookbinding
1927-87
Bookbinding
1927-87
Bookbinding
1927-87
Botany
1921-95
Botany
1921-95
Botany
1921-95
Botany
1921-95
Bugling
1911-present
Bugling
1911-present
Bugling
1911-present
Bugling
1911-present
Bugling is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Camping is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Canoeing
1927-present
Canoeing
1927-present
Canoeing
1927-present
Canoeing
1927-present
Carpentry
2010
Carpentry
1911-52
Carpentry
1911-52
Carpentry
1911-52
Carpentry is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Cement Work
1927-52
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Chemistry
1911-present
Chemistry
1911-present
Chemistry
1911-present
Chemistry
1911-present
Chemistry is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Chess
2011-present
Cinematography
1990-present
Civics is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Cooking is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
In 1975 the merit badges: Corn Farming, Cotton Farming, Forage Crops, Fruit & Nut Growing, and Small Grains were combined with parts of Agriculture into Plant Science.
Corn Farming
1928-75
Corn Farming
1928-75
In 1975 the merit badges: Corn Farming, Cotton Farming, Forage Crops, Fruit & Nut Growing, and Small Grains were combined with parts of Agriculture into Plant Science.
Cotton Farming
1931-75
Cotton Farming
1931-75
Cotton Farming
1931-75
Craftsmanship
1911-26
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Craftsmanship is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Crime Prevention
1996-present
Cycling
1911-present
Cycling
1911-present
Cycling
1911-present
Cycling
1911-present
Cycling
1911-present
Business is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Cyclist
1910
Cyclist is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Electricity is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Electrician
1910
Electrician is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Electronics
1963-present
Electronics
1963-present
Emergency Preparedness
1972-present
Emergency Preparedness
1972-present
Energy
1976-present
Engineering
1967-present
Entrepreneurship
1997-present
Environmental Science
1972-present
Conservation of Natural Resources
1966-72
Conservation of Natural Resources
1966-72
Conservation
1911-52
Conservation
1911-52
Conservation is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Firemanship is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Fireman
1910
Fireman is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
First Aid
1911-present
First Aid
1911-present
First Aid
1911-present
First Aid
1911-present
First Aid is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Ambulance
1910
Ambulance is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Angling is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
In 1975 the merit badges: Corn Farming, Cotton Farming, Forage Crops, Fruit & Nut Growing, and Small Grains were combined with parts of Agriculture into Plant Science.
Forage Crops
1959-75
Grasses, Legumes, & Forage Crops
1938-58
Grasses, Legumes, & Forage Crops
1938-58
Forestry
1911-present
Forestry
1911-present
Forestry
1911-present
Forestry
1911-present
Forestry is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Foundry Practice
1923-52
Foundry Practice
1923-52
In 1975 the merit badges: Corn Farming, Cotton Farming, Forage Crops, Fruit & Nut Growing, and Small Grains were combined with parts of Agriculture into Plant Science.
Gardener is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Gardening is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
In 1975 the merit badges: Animal Industry, Beef Production, Dairying, Hog Production, Poultry Keeping, and Sheep Farming were combined with parts of Agriculture into Animal Science.
Hog Production
1959-75
Hog Production
1959-75
Hog & Pork Production
1928-58
Hog & Pork Production
1928-58
Hog & Pork Production
1928-58
Home Repairs
1943-present
Home Repairs
1943-present
Handicraft
1911-42
Handicraft
1911-42
Handicraft is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Horsemanship
1911-present
Horsemanship
1911-present
Horsemanship
1911-present
Horsemanship
1911-present
Horsemanship is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Horseman
1910
Horseman is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
From 1923 to 1925 the Insect Life badge featured a spider. But a spider is not an insect; it´s an arachnid, which has eight legs and two body parts rather than the insect´s six legs and three body parts.
Interpreting
1911-52
Interpreting
1911-52
Interpreting is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Inventing
2010-present
Invention
1911-17
Invention is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Leather Working is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Leathercraft
1927-52
Leathercraft
1927-52
Leathercraft
1927-52
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Lifesaving
1911-present
Lifesaving
1911-present
Lifesaving
1911-present
Lifesaving
1911-present
Lifesaving is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Machinery is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Masonry is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Masonry
1911-95
Masonry
1911-95
Masonry
1911-95
Masonry
1911-95
Master-of-Arms
1910
Master-of-Arms is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
The Master-at-Arms Badge involved mastering 3 of the following combat skills: single stick, boxing, ju jitsu, wrestling, quarterstaff and fencing.
The Master-at-Arms is the only one of the 14 original merit badges that was not renamed and included in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys"
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Metals Engineering
1972-95
Metallurgy
1965-71
Mining
1911-37
Mining
1911-37
Mining is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Model Design and Building
1963-present
Motorboating
1961-present
Music
1911-present
Music
1911-present
Music
1911-present
Music
1911-present
Music is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Musician
1910
Musician is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Painting is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Pathfinding
2010
Pathfinding
1911-52
Pathfinding
1911-52
Pathfinding
1911-52
Pathfinding is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Physical Development
1914-52
Physical Development
1914-52
Physical Development
1914-52
Physical Development
1914-52
Personal Fitness
1952-present
Personal Fitness
1952-present
Personal Fitness
1952-present
Personal Health 1911-52
Personal Health is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Personal Management
1972-present
Personal Finances
1962-71
Pets
1958-present
Pets
1958-present
Photography
1911-present
Photography
1911-present
Photography
1911-present
Photography
1911-present
Photography is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Pioneering is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Pioneer
1910
Pioneer is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Plant Science
1974-present
In 1975 the merit badges: Corn Farming, Cotton Farming, Forage Crops, Fruit & Nut Growing, and Small Grains were combined with parts of Agriculture into Plant Science.
Plumbing
1911-present
Plumbing
1911-present
Plumbing
1911-present
Plumbing
1911-present
Plumbing is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Pottery
1927-present
Pottery
1927-present
Pottery
1927-present
Pottery
1927-present
Pottery
1927-present
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
In 1975 Poultry Keeping, and other merit badges were combined into Animal Science.
Poultry Farming is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys"
Poultry Keeping
1914-75
Poultry Keeping
1914-75
Poultry Keeping
1914-75
Poultry Farming
1911-13
Printing is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Printing 1911-81
Printing/
Communications
1982-87
Printing
1911-81
Printing
1911-81
Printing
1911-81
Public Health
1911-present
Public Health
1911-present
Public Health
1911-present
Public Health
1911-present
Public Health is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Public Speaking
1932-present
Public Speaking
1932-present
Public Speaking
1932-present
Public Speaking
1932-present
Pulp and Paper
1972-present
Q
R
Rabbit Raising
1943-93
Rabbit Raising
1943-93
Rabbit Raising
1943-93
Rabbit Raising
1943-93
Radio
1923-present
Radio
1923-present
Radio
1923-present
Radio
1923-present
Wireless
1919-23
Railroading
1952-present
Railroading
1952-present
Railroading
1952-present
Reading
1929-present
Reading
1929-present
Reading
1929-present
Reading
1929-present
Reptile and Amphibian Study
1993-present
Reptile Study
1927-93
Reptile Study
1927-93
Reptile Study
1927-93
Reptile Study
1927-93
Rifle Shooting
1987-present
Rifle & Shotgun Shooting
1967-87
Marksmanship
1911-66
Marksmanship
1911-66
Marksmanship
1911-66
Marksmanship is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Marksman
1910
Marksman is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Scholarship is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Scouting Heritage
2010-present
Scuba Diving
2009-present
Sculpture
1911-present
Sculpture
1911-present
Sculpture
1911-present
Sculpture is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
In 1975 the merit badges: Animal Industry, Beef Production, Dairying, Hog Production, Poultry Keeping, and Sheep Farming were combined with parts of Agriculture into Animal Science.
Signaling is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
1910
Signaller
Signaller is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
In 1975 the merit badges: Corn Farming, Cotton Farming, Forage Crops, Fruit & Nut Growing, and Small Grains were combined with parts of Agriculture into Plant Science.
Small Grains
1959-75
Small Grains & Cereal Foods
1943-1958
Small Grains & Cereal Foods
1943-1958
Small-Boat Sailing
1964-present
Seamanship
1911-64
Seamanship
1911-64
Seamanship
1911-64
Seamanship is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Seaman
1910
Seaman is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Snow Sports
1999-present
Skiing
1938-99
Skiing
1938-99
Soil and Water Conservation
1952-present
Soil and Water Conservation
1952-present
Soil Management
1928-52
Soil Management
1928-52
Space Exploration
1965-present
Sports
1972-present
Stalking
1911-52
Stalking
1911-52
Stalking
1911-52
Stalking is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Stalker
1910
Stalker is one of the original 14 merit badges in the 1910 "Boy Scouts of America Official Handbook" by Ernest Thompson Seton and Baden-Powell.
Stamp Collecting
1931-present
Stamp Collecting
1931-present
Stamp Collecting
1931-present
Surveying
1911-present
Surveying
1911-present
Surveying
1911-present
Surveying
1911-present
Surveying is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Swimming
1911-present
Swimming
1911-present
Swimming
1911-present
Swimming
1911-present
Swimming is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Taxidermy is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
Textile
1973-present
Textiles
1927-72
Textiles
1927-72
Textiles
1927-72
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
First Aid To Animals is one of the 57 merit badges in the 1911 "Boy Scout of America Handbook for Boys" which is sometimes recognized as the first BSA handbook, ignorng the 1910 Handbook.
When the Weather badge debuted in 1927, it showed a comet streaking across the night sky. But comets are not a weather-related phenomenon, so the weathervane replaced the comet.
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
Wood Turning
1930-52
Woodwork
1927-present
Woodwork
1927-present
Woodwork
1927-present
The Craftsmanship Merit Badge was split into Basketry, Book Binding, Cement Work, Leathercraft, Metalwork, Pottery, Textiles, Wood Carving, and Woodwork.
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